Business Valuation for Beginners
Wednesday, June 24th, 2009If you’re searching for a business to purchase, it’s essential to understand its value so you can reach a reasonable purchase price. Remember that the buy business asking price put forth by the seller is likely much higher than what the business is really worth. That’s why it’s crucial for you to perform a detailed business valuation to discover its actual value.
A business valuation is a regular aspect of any buy business endeavour. Keep in mind that buyers value a business differently than sellers. Sellers place an excessively high price on their business because of the history they’ve had with it, their personal feelings regarding it and the difficult work they’ve put in throughout the years. But when you determine the value of a business, those factors shouldn’t be calculated, or even considered in the purchase price.
To value a business, there are five ways to determine its worth. They are liquidation value, asset valuation, income multiple, income capitalization and rules of thumb. Before you buy a business, you need to determine which method will provide you with the best business valuation.
1. Liquidation Value. This is based on the value of the company’s assets if they were forced to sell in under 12 months.
2. Asset Valuation. This method factors in all assets of a business and calculates price appropriately. It is probably the least favored business valuation method for those considering buying a small business. That’s because even though a business might have great assets, it still might not make a sufficient profit.
3. Income Multiple. The net income and other factors determine the selling price. This is the preferred method to use to value a business.
4. Income Capitalization. Historical data and various hypotheses are used to calculate future income of the business. This buy business method is typically used for large business purchases.
5. Rules of Thumb. The selling price of similar businesses is factored in to cash flow or a percentage of revenue equation. Since this calculation is too general, it’s not the best way to value a business.
Of all these business valuation methods, the Income Multiple calculation is the most beneficial to buyers because it provides an accurate amount of how much profit they can expect from the business. In buy business terms, this is known as the Owner Benefit, also referred to as Seller’s Discretionary Earnings or Adjusted Earnings.
The Owner Benefit is based on previous financial records. It is the total sum the buyer can expect to meet salary, pay any debts and promote the business. But for a true calculated amount, it’s important to ask the seller what formula was used to arrive at the Owner Benefit figure.
The optimal formula to use is: the pre-tax profit + owner’s salary + additional owner’s benefits or other perks + interest + depreciation less an allocation for future capital expenditures where appropriate. Previous history has shown us that this particular formula is best in terms of actual value of business accuracy.
When you purchase a business based on the Owner Benefit figure, you’ll likely pay somewhere between one to three times the business valuation total. Usually, the one-time multiple figure is utilized when purchasing a consulting business or professional service which is operated by the seller. The three times the Owner Benefit amount is generally what businesses should receive that have been in operation for more than three years, have a large customer base, some proprietary items, a competitive advantage, and good growth potential.
The Owner Benefit is just part of the equation when you buy a business. When you attempt to value a business, actual multiples need to be carefully considered. These encompass simple buy business basics, such as how long it has been operating, lease terms if the location is crucial to the enterprise, its competition, the employees, systems, deal terms, the volume of its current customer base, loyalty of customers, previous stability of the business, and most importantly, how well the business will switch over to new ownership.
The multiple aspect covers all tangibles that go to the core of a business. When you buy a business, it is essential to know and evaluate what the business valuation means to you. There are resources that can assist you with these buy business methods. But if you plan to buy a business, it’s critical that you learn how to read and analyze financial statements.
Once you value a business, it will help with your decision on whether to buy it and at what price. When you implement buy business strategies, you will be more confident in negotiating a deal with terms of value that meet your needs. Understanding business valuation formulas also ensures that you will not be overpaying for the business you desire.
Richard Parker is the President and founder of the Diomo Corporation - The Business Buyer Resource Center. His inspiring materials, seminars and consulting have assisted thousands of business buyers with achieving their life long dream of buying a business.